function [mt_ev_condi_z_max, mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx, mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp, mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp] = ff_ipwkz_evf(varargin)

%% FF_IPWKZ_EVF solves the k' vs b' problem given aggregate savings

% This function follows the structure set up here:

% <https://fanwangecon.github.io/CodeDynaAsset/m_akz/solve/html/ff_wkz_evf.html

% ff_wkz_evf> but now we solve the second stage with percentage choice grid

%

% We solve along a vector of w_n vector, that is an interpolation vector,

% not a vector of actual w choices picked in the first stage. k' choices

% are in terms of percentages. Compared to ff_wkz_evf where we only had an

% upper triangle of choices, now we have a full matrix of percentage

% choices.

%

% @param mt_val matrix state_n I^2 by shock_n. This is the value

% matrix each row is a feasible reachable state given the choice

% vectors/matrix and each column is a shock state.

%

% @param param_map container parameter container

%

% @param support_map container support container

%

% @param armt_map container container with states, choices and shocks

% grids that are inputs for grid based solution algorithm

%

% @return mt_ev_condi_z_max matrix choice_w_n by shock_n

% max_{k'}(E(V(coh(k',b'=w-k'),z'|z,w)) conditional on z and w, at the

% optimal k' choice (w=k'+b') what is the expected utility? This is the

% value result from the 2nd stage problem. Note the result integrates over

% z'.

%

% @return mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx matrix choice_w_n by shock_n this is the

% argmax from max_{k'}(E(V(coh(k',b'=w-k'),z'|z,w)). Given the vector of k'

% choices, which index maximized conditional on z and w integrating over

% z'/

%

% @return mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp matrix choice_w_level_n by shock_n the k'

% choice at max_{k'}(E(V(coh(k',b'=w-k'),z'|z,w))

%

% @return mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp matrix choice_w_n by shock_n the b'=w-k'

% choice at max_{k'}(E(V(coh(k',b'=w-k'),z'|z,w))

%

% @example

%

% @include

%

% * <https://github.com/FanWangEcon/CodeDynaAsset/blob/master/m_ipwkz/paramfunc/ffs_ipwkz_set_default_param.m ffs_ipwkz_set_default_param>

% * <https://github.com/FanWangEcon/CodeDynaAsset/blob/master/m_ipwkz/paramfunc/ffs_ipwkz_get_funcgrid.m ffs_ipwkz_get_funcgrid>

%

%% Default

params_len = length(varargin); 

bl_input_override = 0; 

if (params_len == 5) 

    bl_input_override = varargin{5}; 

end 

if (bl_input_override) 

    % override when called from outside

    [mt_val, param_map, support_map, armt_map, ~] = varargin{:}; 

else

    clear all;

    close all;

    % Not default parameters, but parameters that generate defaults

    it_param_set = 4;

    bl_input_override = true;

    [param_map, support_map] = ffs_ipwkz_set_default_param(it_param_set);

    support_map('bl_graph_evf') = true;

    support_map('bl_display_evf') = true;

    param_map('it_ak_perc_n') = 250;

    param_map('fl_w_interp_grid_gap') = (param_map('fl_w_max')-param_map('fl_b_bd'))/param_map('it_ak_perc_n');

    [armt_map, func_map] = ffs_ipwkz_get_funcgrid(param_map, support_map, bl_input_override); % 1 for override

    % Generating Defaults

    params_group = values(armt_map, {'ar_a_meshk', 'ar_k_mesha', 'ar_z'});

    [ar_a_meshk, ar_k_mesha, ar_z] = params_group{:};

    params_group = values(func_map, {'f_util_standin'});

    [f_util_standin] = params_group{:};

    mt_val = f_util_standin(ar_z, ar_a_meshk, ar_k_mesha);

end 

%% Parse Parameters

params_group = values(armt_map, {'mt_z_trans', 'ar_z',... 

    'ar_w_level', 'ar_k_mesha', 'ar_a_meshk', 'mt_k'});

[mt_z_trans, ar_z, ar_w_level, ... 

    ar_k_mesha, ar_a_meshk, mt_k] = params_group{:}; 

params_group = values(param_map, {'it_z_n', 'fl_nan_replace', 'fl_b_bd'}); 

[it_z_n, fl_nan_replace, fl_b_bd] = params_group{:}; 

params_group = values(support_map, {'bl_graph_onebyones','bl_display_evf', 'bl_graph_evf'}); 

[bl_graph_onebyones, bl_display_evf, bl_graph_evf] = params_group{:}; 

params_group = values(support_map, {'bl_img_save', 'st_img_path', 'st_img_prefix', 'st_img_name_main', 'st_img_suffix'}); 

[bl_img_save, st_img_path, st_img_prefix, st_img_name_main, st_img_suffix] = params_group{:}; 

% append function name

st_func_name = 'ff_ipwkz_evf'; 

st_img_name_main = [st_func_name st_img_name_main]; 

%% Integrate *E(V(coh(k',b'), z')|z, w)*

% Each column for a different state z, each value *E(V(coh,z')|z)* integrated already

% Here, each column is a current z, more to right higher EV

% dim(mt_ev_condi_z): *Q by M*

% Note that: mt_ev_condi_z = mt_val*mt_z_trans' is a mistake, that would be

% what we do in the

% <https://fanwangecon.github.io/CodeDynaAsset/m_ipwkz/paramfunc/html/ffs_ipwkz_set_functions.html

% ffs_ipwkz_set_functions> code where we loop over current z, and for each

% current z, grab out a particular row from the mt_z_trans that corresponds

% to a current shock's transition into all future states.

%

% here, each column of mt_val corresponds to a state z, think of that as

% future state z. The input mt_val is *V(coh, z)*, we need to integrate to

% get *E(V(coh,z')|z)*.

%

mt_ev_condi_z = mt_val*mt_z_trans'; 

if(bl_display_evf) 

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z: Q by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z), 20));    

end

%% Reshape *E(V(coh,z'|z,w))* to allow for maxing

% dim(mt_ev_condi_z): *IxJ by M*

[it_mt_bp_rown, it_mt_bp_coln] = size(mt_k); 

mt_ev_condi_z_full = reshape(mt_ev_condi_z, [it_mt_bp_rown, it_mt_bp_coln*it_z_n]); 

%% Maximize *max_{k'}(E(V(coh(k',b'=w-k'),z'|z,w))* optimal value and index

% Maximization, find optimal k'/b' combination given z and w=k'+b'

[ar_ev_condi_z_max, ar_ev_condi_z_max_idx] = max(mt_ev_condi_z_full); 

mt_ev_condi_z_max = reshape(ar_ev_condi_z_max, [it_mt_bp_coln, it_z_n]); 

mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx = reshape(ar_ev_condi_z_max_idx, [it_mt_bp_coln, it_z_n]); 

if(bl_display_evf) 

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_full: J by IxM');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_full));

%     disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_full), 20));

%     disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_full), 20));

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_max: I by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max), 20));

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx: I by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), 20));

end

%% Reindex K' and B' Choices for each State at the Optimal *w'=k'+b'* choice

% The K' and B' Optimal Choices Associated with EV opti

% dim(mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp): *I by M*

ar_add_grid = linspace(0, it_mt_bp_rown*(it_mt_bp_coln-1), it_mt_bp_coln); 

mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx = mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx + ar_add_grid'; 

if(bl_display_evf) 

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx: I by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), 20));    

end

mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp = reshape(ar_k_mesha(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), [it_mt_bp_coln, it_z_n]); 

mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp = reshape(ar_a_meshk(mt_ev_condi_z_max_idx), [it_mt_bp_coln, it_z_n]); 

if(bl_display_evf) 

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp: I by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp), 20));        

    disp('----------------------------------------');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp('mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp: I by M');

    disp('xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx');

    disp(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp));

    disp(head(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp), 20));

    disp(tail(array2table(mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp), 20));    

end

%% Graph

if (bl_graph_evf) 

    %% Graph 1, V and EV

    if (~bl_graph_onebyones)

        figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 14 4]);

        hold on;

    end

    for subplot_j=1:1:2

        if (~bl_graph_onebyones)

            hAxis(subplot_j) = subplot(1,2,subplot_j);

        else

            figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 7 4]);

        end

        if (subplot_j==1)

            chart = plot(mt_val);

        end

        if (subplot_j==2)

            chart = plot(mt_ev_condi_z);

        end

        clr = jet(numel(chart));

        for m = 1:numel(chart)

            set(chart(m),'Color',clr(m,:))

        end

        legend2plot = fliplr([1 round(numel(chart)/3) round((2*numel(chart))/3)  numel(chart)]);

        legendCell = cellstr(num2str(ar_z', 'shock=%3.2f'));

        legend(chart(legend2plot), legendCell(legend2plot), 'Location','southeast');

        if (subplot_j==1)

            title('V(coh,zp); w(k+b),k,z');

        end

        if (subplot_j==2)

            title('E_z(V(coh,zp|z))');

        end

        ylabel('Next Period Value');

        xlabel({'Index of Cash-on-Hand Discrete Point'...

            'Each Segment is a w=k+b; within segment increasing k'...

            'EV and V identical if shock is fully persistent'});

        grid on;

        grid minor;

    end

    % Share y axis

    if (~bl_graph_onebyones)

        linkaxes(hAxis,'y');

    end

    % save file

    if (bl_img_save)

        mkdir(support_map('st_img_path'));

        st_file_name = [st_img_prefix st_img_name_main '_vev' st_img_suffix];

        saveas(gcf, strcat(st_img_path, st_file_name));

    end

    %% Graph 2, max(EV)

    if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

        figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 7 4]);

    end

    for sub_j=1:1:1

        if(sub_j==1)

            mt_outcome = mt_ev_condi_z_max;

            st_y_label = 'max_{k''}(E(V(coh(k'',b''=w-k''),z''|z,w))';

        end

        if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

            subplot(1,1,sub_j)

        else

            figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 7 4]);

        end

        hold on;

        ar_it_z_graph = ([1 round((it_z_n)/4) round(2*((it_z_n)/4)) round(3*((it_z_n)/4)) (it_z_n)]);

        clr = jet(length(ar_it_z_graph));

        i_ctr = 0;

        for i = ar_it_z_graph

            i_ctr = i_ctr + 1;

            ar_x = ar_w_level;

            ar_y = mt_outcome(:, i);

            scatter(ar_x, ar_y, 5, ...

                'MarkerEdgeColor', clr(i_ctr,:), ...

                'MarkerFaceColor', clr(i_ctr,:));

        end

        grid on;

        grid minor;

        title(['2nd Stage Exp Value at Optimal K given W=K''+B'''])

        ylabel(st_y_label)

        xlabel({'Aggregate Savings'})

        legendCell = cellstr(num2str(ar_z', 'shock=%3.2f'));

        legendCell{length(legendCell) + 1} = 'max-agg-save';

        legend(legendCell([ar_it_z_graph length(legendCell)]), 'Location','southeast');

        xline0 = xline(0);

        xline0.HandleVisibility = 'off';

        yline0 = yline(0);

        yline0.HandleVisibility = 'off';

    end

    % save file

    if (bl_img_save)

        mkdir(support_map('st_img_path'));

        st_file_name = [st_img_prefix st_img_name_main '_maxev' st_img_suffix];

        saveas(gcf, strcat(st_img_path, st_file_name));

    end

    %% Graph 3, at max(EV) optimal choice category, color regions, borrow save

    % Borrow Vs Save

    [ar_z_mw, ar_w_mz] = meshgrid(ar_z, ar_w_level);

    mt_it_borr_idx = (mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp < 0);

    mt_it_riskyhalf_idx = ((mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp./mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp) > 0.5);

    mt_it_kzero_idx = (mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp == 0);

    mt_it_isnan_idx = (isnan(mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp));

    figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 7 4]);

    % States: ar_w, ar_z

    % Choices: mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp, mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp

    hold on;

    it_sca_size = 10;

    chart_br = scatter(ar_w_mz(mt_it_borr_idx),...

        ar_z_mw(mt_it_borr_idx),...

        it_sca_size, 'blue', 'filled');

    %     legend([chart_br], {'Borrow'}, 'Location','northeast');

    chart_khalf = scatter(ar_w_mz(~mt_it_borr_idx & mt_it_riskyhalf_idx),...

        ar_z_mw(~mt_it_borr_idx & mt_it_riskyhalf_idx),...

        it_sca_size, 'black', 'filled');

    %     legend([chart_khalf], {'Save >0.5 K'}, 'Location','northeast');

    chart_sv = scatter(ar_w_mz(~mt_it_borr_idx & ~mt_it_riskyhalf_idx),...

        ar_z_mw(~mt_it_borr_idx & ~mt_it_riskyhalf_idx),...

        it_sca_size, 'red', 'filled');

    %     legend([chart_sv], {'Save <0.5 K'}, 'Location','northeast');

    chart_invalid = scatter(ar_w_mz(mt_it_kzero_idx | mt_it_isnan_idx),...

        ar_z_mw(mt_it_kzero_idx | mt_it_isnan_idx),...

        it_sca_size, 'yellow', 'filled');

    legend([chart_br, chart_khalf, chart_sv, chart_invalid], ...

        {'Borrow','Save >0.5 K','Save <0.5 K', 'k=0 or k=nan'}, 'Location','northeast');

    title('Borrow and Save Regions')

    ylabel('Shocks')

    xlabel({'Total Savings w=k+b'})

    grid on;

    % save file

    if (bl_img_save)

        mkdir(support_map('st_img_path'));

        st_file_name = [st_img_prefix st_img_name_main '_maxbrsv' st_img_suffix];

        saveas(gcf, strcat(st_img_path, st_file_name));

    end

    %% Graph 4, Optimal K' and B' Levels

    [~, ar_w_mz] = meshgrid(ar_z, ar_w_level);

    for sub_j=1:1:4

        if (bl_graph_onebyones)

            figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 7 4]);

        end

        if (sub_j==1)

            if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

                figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 14 4]);

                subplot(1,2,sub_j);

            end

            mt_y = mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp;

        end

        if (sub_j==2)

            if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

                subplot(1,2,sub_j);

            end

            mt_y = mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp;

        end

        if (sub_j==3)

            if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

                figure('PaperPosition', [0 0 14 4]);

                subplot(1,2,sub_j-2);

            end

            mt_y = zeros(size(mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp));

            mt_it_borr_idx = (mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp < 0);

            mt_y(mt_it_borr_idx) = -mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp(mt_it_borr_idx)/fl_b_bd;

            mt_y(~mt_it_borr_idx) = mt_ev_condi_z_max_bp(~mt_it_borr_idx)./ar_w_mz(~mt_it_borr_idx);

        end

        if (sub_j==4)

            if(~bl_graph_onebyones)

                subplot(1,2,sub_j-2);

            end

            mt_y = mt_ev_condi_z_max_kp./(ar_w_level'-fl_b_bd);

        end

        hold on;

        chart = plot(ar_w_level, mt_y);

        clr = jet(numel(chart));

        if (length(ar_w_level) <= 100)

            scatter(ar_w_mz(:), mt_y(:), 3, 'filled', 'MarkerEdgeColor', 'b', 'MarkerFaceColor', 'b');

        end

        for m = 1:numel(chart)

            set(chart(m),'Color',clr(m,:))

        end

        legend2plot = fliplr([1 round(numel(chart)/3) round((2*numel(chart))/3)  numel(chart)]);

        legendCell = cellstr(num2str(ar_z', 'shock=%3.2f'));

        xline0 = xline(0);

        xline0.HandleVisibility = 'off';

        yline0 = yline(0);

        yline0.HandleVisibility = 'off';

        grid on;

        if (sub_j<=2)

            hline = refline([1 0]);

            hline.Color = 'k';

            hline.LineStyle = ':';

            hline.HandleVisibility = 'off';

        end

        if (sub_j==1)

            title('B Choices of W');

            ylabel('B Choices');

            xlabel({'Total Savings w=k+b'});

            legend(chart(legend2plot), legendCell(legend2plot), 'Location','northwest');

        end

        if (sub_j==2)

            title('K Choices of W');

            ylabel('K Choices');

            xlabel({'Total Savings w=k+b'});

            legend(chart(legend2plot), legendCell(legend2plot), 'Location','northwest');

        end

        if (sub_j==3)

            title('B Fraction of Borrow Max and Save');

            ylabel('B/bar(B) if br or B/W if sv');

            xlabel({'Total Savings w=k+b'});

            %             set(gca, 'YScale', 'log');

            ylim([-1.1 1.1]);

            legend(chart(legend2plot), legendCell(legend2plot), 'Location','northwest');

        end

        if (sub_j==4)

            title('K Fraction Choices of Total K Possible');

            ylabel('K/(W-bar(b)) ');

            xlabel({'Total Savings w=k+b'});

            %             set(gca, 'YScale', 'log');

            ylim([0 1.1]);

            legend(chart(legend2plot), legendCell(legend2plot), 'Location','northeast');

        end

    end

    % save file

    if (bl_img_save)

        mkdir(support_map('st_img_path'));

        st_file_name = [st_img_prefix st_img_name_main '_wkbopti' st_img_suffix];

        saveas(gcf, strcat(st_img_path, st_file_name));

    end

end

end